The risk of banking on renewable energy | DW News

Energy ministers meeting in Brussels today will debate the European Commission's proposal for a transition to a carbon neutral economy by 2050. 
今天在布魯塞爾舉行的能源部長會議將討論歐洲委員會關於到2050年向碳中和經濟過渡的提議。

Aimed at living up to the Paris climate accord. 
旨在實現巴黎氣候協議。

Now Germany Europe's strongest economy with a huge industrial base has long committed to a green energy transition.
現在德國是歐洲最強大的經濟體，擁有龐大的工業基礎，長期致力於綠色能源轉型。

So what does Germany's energy mix consist of.
那麼德國的能源組合是什麼呢？

Let's take a look. 
讓我們來看看。

In 2018, renewable energy made up more than a forty percent including wind power hydroelectric solar and biomass.
2018年，可再生能源占總發電額40%以上，包括風力水力發電太陽能和生物質能。

The conventional energy sources still play a big role too
傳統能源仍然在發揮著重要作用。

Take nuclear power, Germany opened its first nuclear power plant 50 years ago.
舉核電為例，德國在50年前就已開始使用他們第一座核電廠

Since then the country has relied heavily on nuclear energy which still accounted for over 13% of Germany's energy mix in 2018.
從那以後，該國嚴重依賴核能，而核能在2018年仍佔德國能源結構的13％以上。

But the clock is ticking Germany plans to phase out nuclear power by 2022. 
但是時間正在倒數，因為德國計劃在2022年前逐步淘汰核電。

A decision that certainly puts fossil fuels back in focus.
這一決定肯定會使化石領域重新成為焦點。

Last year coal, something Germany has plenty of ,accounted for around 38 percent of Germany's energy mix ,natural gas accounts for just around 7 percent.
煤炭，德國擁有許多，佔德國發電能源結構的38％左右，天然氣僅佔7％左右。

Now in comparison in the European Union renewables account for just about 30 percent of the total energy mix.
現在相比之下，歐盟的可再生能源僅佔總能源結構的30％左右。

Nuclear energy makes up for over a quarter and coal and gas together about 40 percent.
核能佔四分之一以上，煤炭和天然氣佔40％左右。

So Germany looks well positioned for Europe's green energy targets but there is a catch relying on renewables can pose a risk to energy security.
因此德國看似是歐洲的綠色能源目標，但依賴可再生能源可能對能源安全構成風險。

This liquid aluminium has been heated to 900 degrees Celsius.
這鍋液態鋁已被加熱到900攝氏度。

It'll be used to make thin but stable sheet metal for the packaging and automotive industries.
它將用於製造薄且穩定的金屬板材，用於包裝和汽車行業。

The smelting process consumes huge amounts of energy.
冶煉過程會消耗大量能源。

It has to shine it can't look dull.
它必須要是閃亮的，不能沒有光澤。

You can see it here a little bit.
你可以在這裡看到。

This is kind of dull and when the samples are like that then I know there's a higher percentage of iron in it.
這有點沒有光澤，當樣品是這樣時，那麼我就知道其中有更高比例的鐵。

That's not good more iron means lower prices.
這不好，鐵含量高意味著價格更低。

Producing aluminum through electrolysis burns a lot of electricity enough to power a small city.
通過電解生產鋁會耗費大量電力，所消耗的電足以給整個小城市使用。

For the local power company, this smelting site is therefore the logical place to relieve stress from the network if there's a bottleneck.
對於當地的電力公司來說，如果限制其供電，這個冶煉場所是減輕電網壓力的最合理場所。

If that happens, it's taken off grid.
但如果這個情況發生，他們就會被淘汰。

It's fine as long as our electrolysis cells don't get so cold that they shut down or are about to shut down.
只要我們的電解槽不會降溫到關閉或即將要關閉，就沒有什麼問題了。

But we can get by for an hour.
但我們最多只能撐一個小時。
The power company pays for the outage so there are no financial losses at trimet aluminium.
電力公司會支付停電費用，因此三聚氰胺鋁製造業沒有經濟損失。

But the electricity can't be turned off completely for more than two hours for
the entire production process has to be shut down.
但不能完全將電力供應關閉超過兩個小時, 因此必須關閉整個生產過程。

Many fear that might become more common as nuclear and coal-fired plants go
offline during Germany's energy transition.
許多人擔心，隨著核能和燃煤電廠在德國能源轉型期間被淘汰，這種情況可能會變得更加普遍。

If that occurs more often in the future due to conventional power plants going
offline then things could get pretty hairy.
如果因為傳統發電廠的淘汰，而在未來更頻繁地發生這種情況，那麼事情就會變得非常麻煩。

We would need support in the area.
我們就需要當地的支持。

We wouldn't be able to solve the problem all on our own anymore.
我們就無法自己解決問題了。

In an attempt to be more independent the smelting plant is also working to develop its own
energy storage systems.
為了更加獨立運作，冶煉廠也在努力開發自己的能源儲存系統。

Last year it had to temporarily shut down 8 times.
去年它不得不暫時關閉8次。

And for more on this topic.
有關此主題的更多信息。

Let's bring in now andrey wolf from the hamburg Institute of International Economics where he heads the research area international economics and trade good to have you with us.
我們請到了從漢堡國際經濟研究所來的andrey wolf，他帶領國際經濟和貿易的研究領域，謝謝你的參與。

So in this report we just learned that heavy industry certainly sounds the alarm 
因此，在本報告中，我們剛剛了解到重工業肯定所發出的警報。

Is Germany's energy policy, this energy makes , jeopardizing our energy security.
德國的能源政策是否會重創我們的能源安全呢?

I think currently it definitely is at least in the absence of the consistent strategy concerning the energy system as a whole. 
我認為目前肯定是這樣，至少在沒有關於整個能源系統的一貫戰略的情況下。

Because that's lacking at the moment I think.
我認為這是目前我們最缺乏的。

All right but right now we of course we can still rely  on on other energy sources the energy transition isn't complete yet.
好吧，但是在能源轉型尚未完成的現在，我們當然仍可以依賴其他能源來源。

Coal certainly is a domestic and very reliable energy source. 
煤當然是國內非常可靠的能源。

But it's also bad for the environment and that is why berlin plans to phase out coal power by 2038.
但這對環境也不利，這就是為什麼柏林計劃到2038年逐步淘汰煤電。

2038 that's 19 years from now. 
2038是19年後。

19 years of harmful co2 emissions is that in line with the EU sir aim to be basically green.
19年的有害二氧化碳排放，是否符合歐盟的綠色目標？

I think given the few changes phase out of nuclear energy, there's politically no alternative to it.
我認為，鑑於核能電廠逐步消失，政治上沒有其他選擇。

Because in Germany we need basic law capacities in order to compensate temporary shortages in terms of electricity from renewables.
因為在德國，我們需要基本的最低發電量，以補償可再生能源的電力短缺。

So in this regard I think a long-term plan for phasing out coal-fired power plants is inevitable. 
因此，在這方面，我認為逐步淘汰燃煤電廠的長期計劃是不可避免的。

So was...was Berlin's decision to exit nuclear power premature. 
那麼柏林退出核電的決定是否還為時過早。

No, I don't think so.
我不這麼認為。

Because there's a widespread opposition in Germany towards nuclear energy.
因為德國對核能發電普遍的反對。

Especially towards the risk the dangers related to it. 
特別是反對與其相伴的危機和風險。

So I don't see much alternative sir or the current approach. 
所以我目前是沒有看到其他適合的選項。

It's a bit like we want our cake and eat it we want to have clean energy.
這有點像我們要吃蛋糕，我們想要乾淨的能源。

Nuclear would be clean as long as it's safe.
核能很乾淨，只要他是安全的。

At the same time we stick to coal for a while and now there's obviously also a very controversial new gas pipeline being built considering that gas only plays a minor
role.
與此同時，在我們堅持使用煤炭時，現在顯然還有一個非常有爭議的新天然氣管道正在建設中，因為天然氣只起到了比較少的的發電作用。

What is your take on Germany's role in this controversial nord stream pipeline which runs from Russia to Germany.
您對德國在從俄羅斯到德國這一備受爭議的nord stream pipeline中的角色有何看法？

I think gas will continue to be an important energy carry on the future because due to its high flexibility it's ideal to complement temporary shortages and fluctuations of the provision of electricity from renewables. 
我認為天然氣將繼續成為未來的重要能源。 因為它具有很高的靈活性，因此可以補充可再生能源供電的臨時短缺和波動。

So on this way I think this platform is an important project for Germany but also for Europe as a whole if you want to be successful in terms of our energy transition.
因此，在這種方式下，我認為這個平台對德國來說是一個重要的項目，但如果你想在能源轉型方面取得成功，那麼整個歐洲也該是如此。

First of all, the EU strives for clean affordable and secure energy supply for all with an interconnected energy grid and that across the block.
首先，歐盟致力於為所有擁有互聯能源網絡的所有人提供廉價且安全的能源供應。

How is Germany's energy mix currently fit into the idea of an EU wide energy
Union.
德國的能源結構目前如何符合歐盟範圍的能源聯盟的想法。

I think Germany is in that sense a role model as we are very successful in promoting the expansion of capacities of renewables.
我認為德國在這個意義上是一個榜樣，因為我們非常成功地促進了可再生能源的擴展。

But at the same time, we're not a leader at least concerning the integration of his renewables into an overall strategy.
但同時，我們不是領導者，至少在再生能源整合到整體策略這方面。

I think much has to be done right now.
我認為現在還有很多工作要做。

In order to secure that the interconnectivity of different sectors is faster between electricity on the one hand and heating and transport the other hand to make the energy transition successful.
一方面要確保不同區域的電力互連性，另一方面的需要更快的加熱和傳輸，才能使能量轉換成功。

All right, so there's still a lot of work to be done but we're on the right track that's good news. andrey wolf there from the Hamburg Institute of International Economics.
好吧，所以還有很多工作要做，但我們正走在正確的道路上，這是好消息；謝謝來自漢堡國際經濟研究所的andrey wolf。

Thank you so much.
非常感謝。

 

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