Oil and gas companies are facing major technological disruption

Over 80% of the world's energy needs are provided by coal, oil and gas.
世界上80％以上的能源需求都來自煤炭，石油和天然氣。

Although technologies to extract fossil fuels may have changed over the decades, the core products themselves have never been challenged until now.
雖然提取化石燃料的技術可能在幾十年內發生了變化，但核心產品本身從未受到過挑戰，直到今日。

A lot of people question whether large dinosaur of an oil and gas company can really compete in such a new, high-tech environment.
很多人質疑石油和天然氣公司這種跟恐龍一般老的產業能否真正在這樣一個新的高科技環境中競爭。

Pressure to reduce carbon emissions is putting the future of fossil fuels in jeopardy.
減少碳排放的壓力正在使化石燃料的未來處於危險之中。

Encouraging the growth of alternative methods to generate and distribute - power.
鼓勵增加替代方法來產生和分配 - 能源。

We are not just dairy farmer here, we are energy farmers as well.
我們這裡不僅僅是普通的奶農，我們也是能源農民。

Every private person can produce his own energy.
每個人都能生產自己的私人能源。

In just eight years, the value of the world's biggest power companies has halved, leaving industry Giants scrambling to redefine their role in this new energy world.
僅僅八年時間，世界上最大的電力公司的價值已經減半，讓業界巨頭們爭相重新定義他們在這個新能源世界的角色。

When I started my career, we were a monopoly.
當我開始這個職業時，我們是壟斷者。

It's always technology that truly disrupts things.
新的科技總會打亂舊有的事物。

Across the world, old industries are facing disruption on an unprecedented scale.
在整個世界上，舊的傳統工業正面臨前所未有的破壞。

People are not taking our taxes.
大家不願意坐我們的計程車。

The pressure to adapt has never been greater.
被迫改變的壓力從未如此強烈。

It is always survival of the fittest that's capitalism 
資本主義的核心就是，適者生存。

because where there's threat, there's also opportunity.
因為哪裡有危機，就會有新的機會。

December 2015 - the Paris climate conference.
2015年12月 - 巴黎氣候大會。

For the first time ever, 195 countries agreed to a legally binding climate deal to reduce carbon emissions.
有史以來第一次有195個國家同意達成一項具有法律約束力的氣候協議，以減少碳排放。

I think everyone in the oil and gas industry agrees that it's going to be a different future.
我認為石油和天然氣行業的每個人都同意未來的道路已經徹底改變了。

This five trillion dollar industry may be facing a seismic shift, but that doesn't mean it's ready to ditch the dirty fossil fuels that made it rich.
這個價值5萬億美元的產業可能面臨著巨大的變化，但這並不意味著它已經準備好拋棄使其致富的骯髒化石燃料。

Instead, many companies are banking on new methods to clean up an old process.
相反，許多公司都在尋找清理舊流程的新方法。

Norwegian oil and gas giant, Statoil, struck it rich in the North Sea in the late 1960s.
挪威石油和天然氣巨頭挪威國家石油公司（Statoil）在20世紀60年代後期在北海發現了豐富的石油和天然氣巨頭。

Over four decades later, at its Sleipner gas rig the company is attempting to make fossil fuel production cleaner.
四十多年後，該公司在其Sleipner天然氣鑽井平台上試圖使化石燃料生產更加清潔。

We have an ambition to become the most carbon efficient oil and gas producer in the world.
我們有志成為世界上碳效率最高的石油和天然氣生產商。

The world will look for companies like ourselves that take a proactive stand on this and deliver oil and gas to the world but doing it in a sustainable manner.
大家將尋找像我們這樣的公司，且採取積極主動的立場，向世界提供石油和天然氣，但以可持續的方式進行。

Statoils business still relies on the harmful burning of fossil fuels by its customers, but at least the company is trying to reduce its own carbon footprints.
Statoils的業務雖依然依賴於客戶對化石燃料的有害燃燒，但至少該公司正試圖減少其自身的碳足跡。

It's transformed some of its offshore rigs with technology that enables engineers to separate the carbon dioxide and pump it underground.
它改造了一些海上鑽井平台，其技術使工程師能夠將二氧化碳分離並將其打入地下。

Statoil slightly gas rig is the world's first offshore carbon capture storage plant.
Statoil的輕型天然氣鑽井平台是世界上第一個海上碳捕集儲存廠。

(What are you working today?)
(你今天在做什麼?)

(We are change the pressure safety valve, it’s making some noise.)
(我們正在更換壓力安全閥，它產生了一些異音。)

At sleipner we have a lot of co2 in our gas, so we need to capture that strip it out of the gas stream before we can export the gas.
在sleipner，我們的天然氣中含有大量的二氧化碳，因此我們需要在輸出氣體之前將其從氣流中回收。

In here you will have continuous stream of captured co2 going down through this well, into the subsurface about 1,000 meters below us, and then we store this CO2 in the subsurface for ever and ever.
在這裡，會持續的將回收的二氧化碳向下穿過這口井，進入我們下方約1000公尺的地下，然後我們將CO2存儲在地下，永久性的。

Each year, Statoil stores 1 million tons of co2, making extraction less carbon-intensive.
每年，挪威國家石油公司儲存100萬噸二氧化碳，使開採過程的碳排放量減少。

They believe that prioritizing gas over more harmful fossil fuels will further reduce global warming and keep them relevant for decades to come.
他們認為，優先使用天然氣能比起使用其他更有害的化石燃料進一步的減少全球變暖，並使其在未來幾十年保持可持續性。

One of the advantages of the gas is that it's very abundant, it's very reliable, and it's very flexible.
天然氣的一個優點是它非常豐富，非常可靠，並且非常靈活。

You can turn the gas stream on and off so you can regulate your gas flow very very easily.
您可以隨時打開或關閉氣閥，這樣就可以非常輕鬆地調節天然氣流。

Gas may be reliable, but fossil fuels will always mean carbon emissions.
天然氣或許很可靠，但使用化石燃料勢必伴隨著碳排放。

Wind and solar are cleaner but depend on subsidies.
風力和太陽能雖然更乾淨，但是產能不足需要補貼。

To take on the consistency of fossil fuels, they face a huge challenge, the unpredictable weather.
為了保持不使用化石燃料的一致性，人們面臨著巨大的挑戰，無法預測的天氣。

In Bavaria, a tiny village has used those subsidies to take up the challenge.
在巴伐利亞，一個小村莊利用這些補貼來應對挑戰。

This community believes it's found a way to produce a steady energy supply just from renewable sources, raising the real prospects of a future free from fossil fuels.
該社區認為，它找到了一種僅通過可再生能源，生產穩定能源供應的方法，提升了未來0使用化石燃料的真正前景。

We have not just Dairy Milk, we have as well energy farming.
我們不僅僅是酪農，我們也同樣是能源農夫。

And here you can see a part of our solar panels.
在這裡你可以看到我們一部分的太陽能板。

We have several points where we catch the Sun and make energy.
我們有幾個地點可以吸收太陽光並獲得能源。

Norbert and Kristina Bechteler’s family farm has been providing the local community with dairy products for over 200 years.
Norbert和Kristina Bechteler的家庭農場為當地社區提供乳製品已有200多年的歷史。

But they now have a new income -  from solar energy.
但他們現在有了新的收入 - 來自太陽能。

(An important part of our business is our photovoltaic system. The electricity we produce on the roofs which we don’t use ourselves is used in the area.)
我們事業的一個重要部分是我們的光伏系統。 我們在自己不使用的屋頂上生產的電力，但不是供我們自己使用的。

Producing your own energy with solar panels isn't revolutionary.
用太陽能板製造自己的能源並不是革命性的。

But in this village, they're combining solar with other renewables in an attempt to achieve the holy grail of a steady energy supply.
但在這個村莊，他們將太陽能與其他可再生能源結合起來，試圖獲得穩定的能源供應。

And they're prepared to use anything to do it.
他們願意做任何事情。

The cows always produce manure.
奶牛總是盛產糞肥。

Deputy Mayor, Gunter Mogele has helped drive the villages pioneering efforts to make renewable energy a realistic option.
副市長Gunter Mogele幫助推動村莊的開創性，將可再生能源變成可達成的現實選擇。

We can prove that we always have more than 100 percent of energy even if there is no wind and no sun at all.
我們可以證明，即使沒有風也沒有太陽，我們還是能擁有超過100％的能源。

There's one renewable that never disappears as it can be sourced from the decay of virtually any organic matter - it's called biogas.
有一種可再生的東西永遠不會消失，因為它可以來自幾乎所有有機物質的腐爛 - 它被稱為沼氣。

Of the for biogas plants in the village, Farmer Einsiedler runs the largest.
在該村的沼氣廠中，Farmer Einsiedler運營規模最大。

(We’ve starting used onions. Onions, really? I didn’t know you could use onions. I’ve seen everything else used. Otherwise, you’d have to compost it, or get rid of it without using it.)
我們開始用洋蔥了。 洋蔥，真的嗎？ 我不知道你可以用洋蔥。 我見過其他所有的東西。 
不用的畫也只能將其堆肥，或在不使用它的情況下將其丟棄。

Combining these different sources has been so successful the village now generates five times more energy than it needs.
結合這些不同的來源非常成功，現在該村的能源產生的能量是其所需能量的五倍。

But that's just part of the challenge of turning renewables into a credible energy supply.
但這只是將可再生能源轉變為可靠能源供應的挑戰的一部分。

It's not only about renewable energy, generation it's also about power saving and energy saving.
生產能源不僅僅涉及可再生能源，它還涉及節能和能源儲存。

In order to be able to use wind and solar power literally around the clock, storage is absolutely key.
為了能夠全天候使用風能和太陽能，存儲絕對是關鍵。

Within this community, one young company has developed a home battery system that enables the villages to store the excess solar energy they produce for later use.
在這個社區內，一家年輕的公司開發了一種家用電池系統，使村莊能夠儲存他們生產的多餘太陽能供以後使用。

We are the first to offer storage systems for the residential market in the world, and obviously storage helps customers to use solar power regardless with the sun shining or not.
我們是第一家為全球住宅市場提供存儲系統的公司，顯然存儲有助於客戶使用太陽能，無論是否有陽光照射。

The technology behind this battery system also holds the key to a much bigger prize for the villages -  supplying energy to each other.
這個電池系統背後的技術也是為村莊提供更大目標的關鍵 - 為彼此提供能源。

Our battery systems are online and we can recognize in real-time who is currently feeding power into the grid, and who still needs power from the grid.
我們的電池系統在線，我們可以即時識別誰正在向電網供電，誰還需要電網供電。

And an amazing result is that you have both customers who have excess power, and customers who need power from the grid, and our general idea was let them share their power between each other and to get rid of stinky coal plants and nuclear power stations.
一個令人驚訝的結果是，你會同時有擁有多餘電力的客戶，以及需要電網供電的客戶，而我們的總體想法是讓他們彼此分享能源，擺脫噁心的煤電廠和核電站。

Our customers can literally replace the traditional utility is 100% and go independent.
我們的客戶可以從真正的100％取代傳統發電工具，並且獨立。

Norbert and Christina supply 50 neighbouring households with the energy they generate 
Norbert 和Christina為50個鄰近家庭提供了他們產生的能量。

It’s good for households to know where their energy is produced
家庭們能知道他們的能源是在哪裡生產是好的。

that it doesn’t come from large companies or far away, but bought in the area.
它不是來自遙遠的大公司，而是在從該地區購買。

where this community has led many others have now followed 
這個社區已經領導了許多其他人的跟隨。

there are now almost 1000 energy cooperatives around Germany
現在德國有近1000家能源合作社。

it's a major challenge for the country's big four utilities 
這對該國四大公用事業公司來說是一個重大挑戰。

In eight years the biggest Eon has seen its share price fall by over three quarters 
八年來，最大的Eon股價已經下跌超過四分之三。

when I started my career we were a monopoly
當我開始我的職業生涯時，我們是壟斷者。

Technology has tremendously changed
科技發生了巨大的變化。

Renewables are getting cheaper and cheaper
可再生能源變得越來越便宜。

Customer behaviour is changing tremendously 
客戶行為正在發生巨大變化。

And society with climate change and other issues has total different expectations to the industry so the industry was shaken up at its fundament 
氣候變遷和其他問題，社會對行業的期望已經完全不同，因此該行業在其根本價值上受到了衝擊。

and it's a total different industries from the 27 years ago when I started
這已經不是27年前我開始時的產業了。

Ian's income from fossil fuels has fallen by more than a third since 2008
自2008年以來，Ian的化石燃料收入下降了三分之多以上。

the company recently made a drastic decision to fully commit to the renewable revolution
該公司最近做出了全面致力於可再生革命的決定。

E.on has taken a very brave step we broke the company I would say in two
E.on邁出了一個非常勇敢的一步，我們將公司分成了的兩個公司。

All the commodity business,  the traditional fossil power plants all those businesses we spin off into a company called Unipro 
所有的商品業務，傳統的化石電廠都把我們分拆成一家名為Unipro的公司。

and we are remaining with renewables.
而我們則持續於再生能源這塊。

E.on plans to spin-off the majority share of its fossil fuel assets by the end of 2016
E.on計劃在2016年底之前剝離其大部分化石燃料資產。

and scale up its investment in wind and solar
並擴大在風能和太陽能方面的投資。

but rather than focus on just generating renewable power
但不是只關注於生產可再生能源。

E.on is sensing its real opportunity lies in managing this diverse new supply on an industrial scale 
E.on感覺到它的真正機會在於管理這種有工業規模的多樣化新供應鍊。

This green society needs to be managed 
這個綠色群體需要被管理。

here you need to manage millions of feeding and consumption sites
在這裡，需要管理數百萬個飼養和消費網絡。
you will have sharing economies in between, you will have under overconsumption at time
你將在兩者之間分享經濟，你將會在時間上過度消費。

this management equation big data mining, technical competence, is obviously something this world needs and E.on will strive for being a capable partner in that 
而這些管理方程式、大數據統整、技術能力，顯然是這個世界需要的東西，而E.on將努力成為這方面的有力夥伴。

To secure its place in this new decentralized energy world 
為確保在這個新的分散能源世界中佔有一席之地。

this former monopoly is taking steps that would have been unthinkable just a decade ago 
這個前壟斷企業正在採取十年前難以想像的措施。

we are open for any kind of partnerships with any partner with any customer and yes this is also a new attitude we don't need to control the world
我們很願意與任何客戶、任何合作夥伴建立任何合作夥伴關係，這也是我們的新態度；我們不需要掌控全世界!

E.on's partnerships have produced a raft of renewable energy projects
E.on的合作夥伴關係已經產生了大量的可再生能源項目。

At the Arkona Wind farm in the baltic sea, 
在波羅的海的Arkona風力發電場。

Their investment partner is a surprising newcomer to the alternative energy industry 
他們的投資合作夥伴是在替代能源行業中令人驚訝的新成員。

Norwegian oil and gas giant statoil
挪威石油和天然氣巨頭statoil。

altogether is 1.2 billion euros and we're taking 50% of that 
總計12億歐元，我們佔50％。

We're talking real money here it's not just branding or greenwashing
我們在這裡談論的是真錢，不僅僅是品牌推廣或綠化。

we expect tremendous growth with wind in particular 
我們預計特別是隨著風力發電的大幅增長。

And you know if you're a business person you want to take advantage of those growth opportunities and be part of it
而且你知道，如果你是一個商業人士，就會想利用這些增長機會並參與其中。

Statoil like Eon is positioning itself to take advantage of the energy industries new horizons 
Statoil 就如 Eon 一樣，正在利用能源行業的新視野。

The company's next project draws on four decades of offshore experience to steal a march on far newer rivals
該公司的下一個項目借鑒了四十年的離岸經驗，以便在更新的競爭對手中搶占先機。

It’s always exciting 
這很讓人興奮。

it's the first floating full-scale windmill in the world 
這是世界上第一個漂浮的全尺寸風車。

Even it is very windy it looks like it still but it's actually floating
即使風非常大，它看起來仍然是靜止，但它實際上是漂浮著的。

The world's biggest offshore operator has developed a floating turbine there can be mass-produced cheaper and quicker than existing static windmills
這家世界上最大的海上運營商開發了一種浮式渦輪機，可以比現有的靜態風車更加便宜和快速地批量生產。

I think it actually makes some sense that it was an oil and gas company that came up with this 
我認為這個是由一家石油和天然氣公司提出；實際上是有道理的。

because we are reusing a lot of technology on the oil and gas sector 
因為我們正在重新利用我們在石油和天然氣領域的大量技術。

We're using platform technology it's ballasted it doesn't have any legs
我們正在使用的平台技術，它沒有任何支撐。

the special software allows the blades to move in certain direction
特殊軟件讓葉片沿某個方向移動。

which optimizes the wind production.
這樣可以優化風力發電。

But it also makes the power stand still.
它也能使塔台保持靜止不動。

Startoils first floating wind farm is scheduled to be delivered to a site off the east coast of Scotland by 2017.
Startoils第一個浮動風電場計劃於2017年交付到蘇格蘭東海岸的一個地點。

I think this is the future. It's a future wind at least.
我認為就是未來，至少對風力來說。

You can have them anywhere in the world anywhere in any kind of sea.
可以在世界的任何地方、或任何海域。

so this allows us to move further from shore get better wind and produce cheaper electricity.
因此，這使我們能夠從岸邊進一步獲得更好的風力並產生更便宜的電力。

Other fossil fuel giants including Shell Exxon and Total are also starting to hedge their bets with a range of investments in biofuel batteries solar and wind.
包括Shell Exxon和Total在內的其他化石燃料巨頭也開始通過對生物燃料電池太陽能和風能的一系列投資來對沖他們的賭注。

it might seem like a surprising move.
這看起來像是意外之舉。

but by embracing these alternative technologies now.
但是現在接受這些與其相反的科技。

forward-thinking oil and gas companies might just be able to withstand the disruption caused by the Renewable revolution.
擁有遠見的天然氣與石油公司就有可能抵禦這股再生能源革命對其的衝擊。
 

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